PLEASE NOTE: This transcript is being provided for educational purposes only to be used in conjunction with a university course designed to raise awareness of the serious environmental issues that the documentary film An Inconvenient Truth addresses. The kind understanding of the filmmakers will be appreciated with respect to any copyright issues which may arise, and it is hoped that permission to use this material will be granted so that the message Mr. Al Gore puts forth may be disseminated among the students participating in this course.
Students are encouraged to purchase their own copies of this important documentary on DVD.
Thank you.
Tony Del Vecchio, M.Ed.
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Part II
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2000 Election
(Background: 2000 election debacle in Florida. Supreme Court throws the decision to Bush.)
Gore: While I strongly disagree with the court’s decision, I accept it. I accept the finality of this outcome.
Well, that was a hard blow. But what do you do? You make the best of it. It brought into clear focus, the mission that I had been pursuing for all these years. I started giving the slide show again.
Insurance
One often unnoticed effect of global warming is it causes more precipitation, but more of it coming in one-time big storm events because the evaporation off the oceans puts all the moisture up there when storm conditions trigger the downpour, more of it falls down. The insurance industry has actually noticed this. Their recovered losses are going up. See the damage from these severe weather events. And 2005 is not even on this yet. When it does, it will be off that chart.
Effects of Global Warming
Europe has just had a year very similar to the one we’ve had where they say nature has just been going crazy. All kinds of unusual catastrophes, like a nature hike through the book of Revelations.
Flooding in Asia. Mumbai, India this past July (2005): 37 inches of rain in 24 hours, by far the largest downpour that any city in India has ever received. A lot of flooding in China, also. Global warming paradoxically causes not only more flooding, but also more drought. This neighboring province right next door had a severe drought at the same time these areas were flooding. One of the reasons for this has to do with the fact that global warming not only increases precipitation worldwide, but it also relocates the precipitation. Focus most of all on this part of Africa just on the edge of the Sahara. Unbelievable tragedies have been unfolding there and there are a lot reasons for it. Darfur and Niger are among those tragedies. One of the factors that has been compounding this is the lack of rainfall and the increasing drought. This is Lake Chad, once one of the largest lakes in the world. It has dried up over the last few decades to almost nothing, vastly complicating the other problems that they also have. The second reason why this is a paradox: Global warming creates more evaporation off of the oceans to seeds the clouds, but it sucks moisture out of the soil. Soil evaporation increases dramatically with higher temperatures. And that has consequences for us in the United States, as well.
Change and Timescales
(Gore revisits the family farm and reminisces about growing up there.)
The places where people live were chosen because of the climate pattern that has been pretty much the same on Earth since the end of the last ice age. Here on this farm, the patterns are changing. It seems gradual in the course of a human lifetime but in the course of time as defined by this river, it’s happening very, very quickly.
A Canary in the Coal Mine: The Arctic
Two canaries in the coal mine. The first one is in the Arctic. Of course the Arctic Ocean has a floating ice cap, Greenland on its side there. I say canary in the coal mine because the Arctic is one part of the world that is experiencing faster impact from global warming. This is the largest ice shelf in the Arctic, the Ward Hunt Ice Shelf. It just cracked in half three years ago. The scientists were astonished.
Melting Permafrost
These are called drunken trees just going every which way. This is not caused by wind damage or alcohol consumption. These trees put their roots down in the permafrost and the permafrost is thawing, so they just go every which way now.
This building was built on the permafrost and collapsed as the permafrost thawed. This woman’s house has had to be abandoned. The pipeline is suffering a great deal of structural damage. Incidentally, the oil that they want to produce in that protected area in northern Alaska, which I hope they don’t. They have to depend on trucks to go in and out of there and the trucks go over the frozen ground. This shows the number of days that the tundra in Alaska is frozen enough to drive on it. 35 years ago it was 225 days a year. Now it’s below 75 days a year because the spring comes earlier and the fall comes later and the temperatures just keep on going up.
Fastest Temperature Increase Occurs at the Arctic
I went up to the North Pole. I went under that ice cap in a nuclear submarine that surfaced through the ice like this. Since they started patrolling in 1957 they have gone under the ice and measured with their radar looking upward to measure how thick it is because they can only surface where the thickness of the ice is 3 and half feet thick or less. So they have kept a meticulous record and they wouldn’t release because it was national security. I went up there in order to persuade them to release them, and they did. And here’s what that record showed.
Starting in 1970 there was a precipitous drop off in the amount and extent and thickness of the Arctic ice cap. It has diminished by 40 percent in 40 years. There are two studies showing that in the next 50 to 70 years, in summertime, it will be completely gone. Now you might say, “Why is that a problem? How could the Arctic ice cap actually melt so quickly?” When the sun’s rays hit the ice, more than 90 percent of it bounces off right back into space like a mirror. But when it hits the open ocean more than 90 percent is absorbed. As the surrounding water gets warmer, it speeds up the melting of the ice. Right now the arctic ice cap acts like a giant mirror. All the sun’s rays bounce off, more than 90 percent, to keep the Earth cooler. But as it melts and the open ocean receives that sun’s energy instead, more than 90 percent is absorbed. So there is a faster build up of heat here, at the North Pole, in the Arctic Ocean and the Arctic generally, than anywhere else on the planet. That’s not good for creatures like polar bears that depend on the ice. A new scientific study shows that for the first time they’re finding polar bears that have actually drowned, swimming long distances up to 60 miles to find the ice. They did not find that before. What does it mean to us to look at a vast expanse of open water at the top of our world that used to be covered by ice? We ought to care a lot because it has planetary effects.
Earth’s Climate is an Engine
The Earth’s climate is like a big engine for redistributing heat from the equator to the poles. It does that by means of ocean currents and wind currents. They tell us, the scientists do, that the Earth’s climate is a non-linear system. It’s a fancy way they have of saying that the changes are not all just gradual. Some of them come suddenly in big jumps. On a worldwide basis, the annual average temperature is about 58 degrees Fahrenheit. If we have an increase of 5 degrees, which is on the low end of the projections, look at how that translates globally. That means an increase of only 1 degree at the equator, but more than 12 degrees at the poles. So all those wind and ocean current patterns that have formed since the last ice age and have been relatively stable, they are all up in the air and they change. One of the ones they are most worried about where they have spent a lot of time studying the problem is in the North Atlantic, where the Gulf Stream comes up and meets the cold wind coming off the arctic over Greenland and evaporates the heat out of the Gulf Stream and the stream is carried over to western Europe by the prevailing winds and the Earth’s rotation. Isn’t it interesting that the whole ocean current system is all linked together in this loop? They call it the ocean conveyor. The red are the warm surface current, the Gulf Stream is the best known of them. The blue represents the cold currents running in the opposite direction. We don’t see them at all because they run along the bottom of the ocean. Up in the North Atlantic, after that heat is pulled out, what’s left behind is colder water and saltier water, because salt doesn’t go anywhere. That makes it denser and heavier. That cold, dense heavy water sinks at a rate of 5 billion gallons per second. That pulls that current back south.
Disruption of the Ocean Conveyor
At the end of the last ice age, as the last glacier was receding from North America, the ice melted and a giant pool of fresh water formed in North America. The Great Lakes are the remnants of that huge lake. An ice dam on the eastern border formed, and one day it broke. All that fresh water came rushing out, ripping open the St. Lawrence, there. It diluted the salty dense cold water, made it fresher and lighter so it stopped sinking. And that pump shut off and the heat transfer stopped, and Europe went back into an ice age for another 900 or 1000 years. The change from conditions we have here today to an ice age took place in perhaps as little as 10 years’ time. That is a sudden jump. Of course that’s not going to happen again, because the glaciers of North America are not there. Is there any big chunk of ice anywhere near there? Oh yeah, (pointing at Greenland). We’ll come back to that one.
Politics: Reagan, Bush1 and Kyoto
It is extremely frustrating to me to communicate over and over again as clearly as I can. And we are still by far the worst contributor to the problem. I look around and look for really meaningful signs that we are about to really change. I don’t see it right now.
(Video clips of three politicians speaking.)
Ronald Reagan: Very reputable scientists have said that one factor of air pollution is oxides of nitrogen from decaying vegetation. This is what causes the haze that gave the Big Smokey Mountains their name.
George H.W. Bush: This guy is so far off on the environmental extremes, we’ll be up to our neck in owls and out of work for every American. This guy’s crazy!
Senator James Inhof: Even if humans were causing global warming, and we’re not, this could be maybe the greatest hoax perpetuated on the American People.
If it is not on the tips of their constituents’ tongues, it’s easy for them to ignore it. They say, “Well, let’s deal with that tomorrow.”
Predator/Prey Disruptions and Misplaced Cities
So this same phenomenon of changing all these patterns is also affecting the seasons. Here is a study from the Netherlands. The peak arrival date for migratory birds 25 years ago was April 25. Their chicks hatched on June 3, just at the time when the caterpillars were coming out: Nature’s plan. But 20 years of warming later the caterpillars peaked two weeks earlier. The chicks tried to catch up with it, but they couldn’t. So they are in trouble.
There are millions of ecological niches that are affected by global warming in just this way.
This is the number of days with frost in southern Switzerland over the last one hundred years. It has gone down rapidly. But now watch this. This is the number of invasive exotic species that have rushed in to fill the new ecological niches that are opening up.
That’s happening here in the United States too. You’ve heard of the pine beetle problem? Those pine beetles used to be killed by the cold winters, but there are fewer days of frost. So the pine trees are being devastated. This is part of the 14 million acres of spruce trees in Alaska that have been killed by bark beetles, the exact same phenomenon. There are cities that were founded because they were just above the mosquito line. Nairobi is one. Harare is another. There are plenty of others. Now the mosquitoes with warming are climbing to higher altitudes.
Infectious Disease
There are a lot of vectors for infectious diseases that are worrisome to us that are also expanding their range, not only mosquitoes but all these others as well. We’ve had 30 so-called new diseases that have emerged in just the last quarter century. A lot of them like SARS have caused tremendous problems. The resistant forms of tuberculosis. There are others. There has been a re-emergence of some diseases that were once under control. The Avian flu, of course, is quite a serious matter, as you know. West Nile Virus came to the eastern shore of Maryland in 1999. Two years later it was across the Mississippi. And two years after that it had spread across the continent. These are very troubling signs.
Coral Reefs
Coral reefs all over the world, because of global warming and other factors, are bleaching and they end up like this. All the fish species that depend on the coral reef are also in jeopardy as a result. Overall species loss is now occurring at a rate 1000 times greater than the natural background rate.
The Second Canary: Antarctic Peninsula Sea Ice
This brings me to the second canary in the coal mine, Antarctica, the largest mass of ice on the planet by far. A friend of mine said in 1978, “If you see the break up of ice shelves along the Antarctic Peninsula, watch out, because that should be seen as an alarm bell for global warming.” And actually, if you look at the peninsula up close, every place where you see one of these green blotches is an ice shelf larger than the state of Rhode Island that has broken up in just the last 15 to 20 years. I want to focus on just one of them called Larsen B.
I want you to look at these black pools here. It makes it seem almost as if we are looking through the ice to the ocean beneath. But that’s an illusion. This is melting water that forms in pools. If you were flying over it in a helicopter, you’d see it’s 700 feet tall. They are so majestic, so massive. In the distance are the mountains, and just before the mountains is the shelf of the continent. This is floating ice, and there is land-based ice on the down-slope of those mountains. From here to the mountains is about 20 to 25 miles. They thought this would be stable for at least a hundred years, even with global warming. The scientists who study these ice shelves were absolutely astonished when they were looking at these images. Starting on January 31, 2002, in a period of 35 days, this ice shelf completely disappeared. They could not figure out how in the world this happened so rapidly. They went back to figure out where they had gone wrong. That’s when they focused on those pools of melting water. Even before they could figure out what had happened there, something else started going wrong. When the floating sea-based ice cracked up, it no longer held back the ice on the land. The land-based ice then started falling into the ocean. It was like letting the cork out of a bottle. There’s a difference between floating ice and land-based ice. It’s like the difference between an ice cube floating in a glass of water, which when it melts doesn’t raise the level of water in the glass, and a cube sitting atop a stack of ice cubes, which melts and flows over the edge. That’s why the citizens of these pacific nations had all had to evacuate to New Zealand.
West Antarctica Land Based Ice
I want to focus on West Antarctica, because it illustrates two factors about land-based ice and sea-based ice. It’s a little of both. It’s propped on tops of islands, but the ocean comes up underneath it. So as the ocean gets warmer, it has an impact on it. If this were to go, sea level worldwide would go up 20 feet. They’ve measured disturbing changes on the underside of this ice sheet. It’s considered relatively more stable, however, than another big body of ice that is roughly the same size. Greenland would also raise sea level almost 20 feet if it went. A friend of mine has just brought back some pictures of what’s going on in Greenland right now. Dramatic changes. These are the same kinds of pools that formed here, on this ice shelf in Antarctica. And the scientists thought that when that water seeped back into the ice, it would just refreeze. But they found out that actually what happens is that it just keeps on going, It tunnels to the bottom and makes the ice like Swiss cheese, sort of like termites. This shows what happens to the crevasses, and when lakes form, they create what are called moulins. The water goes down to the bottom and it lubricates where the ice meets the bedrock.
See these people here for scale? This is not the edge of Greenland. This is the middle of the ice mass. This is a massive rushing torrent of fresh melt water tunneling straight down through the Greenland ice to the bedrock below. Now, to some extent, there has always been seasonal melting and moulins have formed in the past, but not like now.
Impact of 20 Foot Rise in Sea Level
In 1992, they measured this amount of melting in Greenland. Ten years later, this is what happened. And here is the melting from 2005. Tony Blair’s scientific advisor has said that because of what is happening in Greenland right now, the maps of the world will have to be redrawn. If Greenland broke up and melted, or if half of Greenland and half of West Antarctica broke up and melted, this is what would happen to the sea level in Florida. This is what would happen in the San Francisco Bay. A lot of people live in these areas. The Netherlands, the low-countries: absolutely devastating. The area around Beijing is home to tens of millions of people. Even worse, in the area around Shanghai, there are 40 million people. Worse still, Calcutta and, to the east, Bangladesh: the area covered includes 60 million people. Think of the impact of a couple hundred thousand refugees when they are displaced by an environmental event and then imagine the impact of a hundred million or more. Here is Manhattan. This is the World Trade Center Memorial Site. After the horrible events of 9/11 we said, “Never again.” But this is what would happen to Manhattan. They can measure this precisely, just as the scientists could predict precisely how much water would breech the levees in New Orleans. The area where the World Trade Center Memorial is to be located would be under water. Is it possible that we should prepare against other threats besides terrorists? Maybe we should be concerned about other problems as well.
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An Inconvenient Truth Transcript
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In this part, Gore talked the concrete problems because of the global warming. I surprised that a lot of serious diseases can be occurred by global warming like flooding, drought, and so on. However, most people might not understand that global warming is such terrible. This film told about some old events, but there is the abnormal weather like them still now. For example, a lot of typhoon attack Japanese islands lately. I think that the global warming is not already someone else’s problem. The image what melting Antarctica’s iceberg that I was shocked the most in this part. The scientists who study Antarctica’s ice shelves thought that Antarctica’s iceberg would be stable for at least a hundred years, even with global warming. I was thinking about the same thing with them. However, even Antarctica’s ice melts equally. If Antarctica’s ice melts in a situation remaining the same, the land where we live would disappear.
There are two things from this part. First, when I heard such enormous influences of ices, I associated it with the film which called “Water World”. Of course, in the near future, it is impossible what almost all lands sink into the ocean like this film, but I suppose that some lands or beaches might disappear because of rising sea revel. As this part said, if the sea revel rises around 20feets, japan will certainly have various impacts because japan is an island country. Thus, I think japan could not ignore about it.
Second, it was a little difficult for me to understand about the ocean current and wind current because these are invisible, and it occur very wide range. However, I thought we can see these movement from animals. For example, if migratory birds stay longer than before, it might mean that the atmosphere of such area is getting warmer than before. So, we can see not only warm or cold flow of atmosphere but also the climate changes from animals.
In this part, it was specifically stated what kind of changes are being caused by global warming. And we should recognize that various problems are progressing rapidly. Among them, I was surprised that the largest ice shelf in the Arctic broken in half three years ago. It was also shocked to the forest named Drunk Tree. It seems that it is a problem caused by wind damage, but in reality, this problem is also related to global warming. Trees grow in the permafrost, but the permafrost is melting due to the rising temperature. And in this part, I also learned why it can melt so quickly. When the sun’s rays hit the ice, then more than 90% go to the ocean, resulting in warmer water. It seems that our world used to be covered with ice. That is why, we have to change this amazing situation. The fact is that no one cares about the problem. As we continue this life, we will be putting more pressure on Earth and approaching collapse. I think we should change the world we can live in in the future.
After I watched and read this part 2, I got sense of crisis about our life and our earth. Because I found that the global warming can affect our life directly. In particular, flooding and drought, infectious disease and rising sea level. Fortunately, I have not experienced such damage, but I was really surprised that global warming has the extensive influence. Any damage can lead to our death. For example, these days we are suffering from COVID-19. I became to worry about another epidemic of infectious disease like this COVID-19. We all know the epidemic of infectious disease is worldwide problem. While we Japanese also should concern with sea level. We know Japan has a lot of earthquakes. Therefore, the global warming can make sea level rose, we must take care of tsunami strongly than ever. I’ll try to keep in mind that global warming can cause such tragedy. I felt more and more horrible. We should change this circumstances by ourselves.
This part was more specific than the first one. The most impressive part was the second “canary in a coal mine.” The speed of ice shell melting surprised me. It took only 35 days for Larsen B’s ice shell to vanish. The fact suggests that the change is happening just now rapidly all over the world. In part 1, there was a cartoon which explains the system of global warming. In the video, in order to make the ocean cooler, vast ice block was dropped into the sea. However, after watching the lecture of the difference between land-based ice and sea-based ice, I began to worry about it. Just putting ice block into the sea could makes the sea level of water when it melts. That’s why I think the ice block should be made by sea water. Some days ago, I watched a TV program which treat the West Nile virus which came into the US. Only American endemic species became infected the West Nile virus. However, the TV program didn’t focus on the topic of global warming, so I was surprised to see this video and know one of the cause was global warming. This is also a big problem, that is to say, media should make more appeal of global warming to us, and let us know the fact.
As I read part 2, I found that global warming causes melting sea ice. Moreover, if it melts once, it keeps melting, and melting land-based ice raises the sea levels. Therefore, we have to stop it as soon as possible before all the sea ice disappeared. in addition, there are other effects of global warming. in particular, I’m very afraid of the effect of infectious diseases. We are suffering from coronavirus now, and I realized how infectious diseases are scary. Therefore, as everyone says, we must consider this problem more seriously. Also, I was surprised by the fact that birds can’t catch their prey because of global warming. So, I mean not only humans but also every creature got bad influences by global warming. Needless to say, global warming is bad, however; people ignore how serious it is, and they live so selfishly. So, I think this corona situation is a chance to reconsider global warming by myself.
In part two, I understood various causes of global warming and how the world is disappearing. I’m especially interested in the problems of ocean and infectious disease. We often think about land animals but we don’t see sea animals in regard to global warming. However, ocean makes up seventy percent of the world and there are a lot of animals in the sea, so global warming makes them warm and kill them. As this part mentioned, to be killed coral reefs connects to various sea animal’s death because there are many animals in there so I think coral reef is like parent of sea animals. In this way, a death connects to other death by global warming, so we need to think about how we can suppress the extent of that.
And then, infectious disease is familiar to us because a lot of people die of Corona virus now. Until the infectious disease appeared, I couldn’t image about that. However, we see people who contracted, felt pain and died in this short term. We don’t know when we die and what is happening. We may die of global warming. We don’t have to come to nothing this experience and should take actions for the world.
After I watched and read part 2, I understood that the serious problems caused by global warming have already happened all over the world. Flood and drought are the most serious problems in some places. I think we cannot notice how rapid and serious things happen in the world when we live in Japan. Because it is relatively slow that the climate changes happen in Japan. It become hard to have awareness of crisis. Therefore, I think it gets more important for such people to know the problems through the films or something.
The most impressing part for me is the example of “canary in a coal”. I understood that Arctic and Antarctic are the places that have been suffered the most serious damage of global warming. When these ices are melting, it has impact not only for the sea level but also for “ocean conveyor system”. Then, the result of this cause the climate change and that cause flood and drought again. Greta Thunberg said that the solutions are already decided. It is the problem whether we act or not. I think that we should have to act to break this vicious circle right now.
In Part 2, I was able to learn more about the various problems that are occurring due to the effects of global warming. First, I was surprised that the largest ice shelf in the Arctic Ocean broke in half. It was also shocking to see the drunk trees leaning because the permafrost melted. Furthermore, when the West Antarctica land-based ice and the Greenland ice melted, I was afraid that the sea level around the world would rise by 6 meters, and I was worried about the future global environment. Next, I realized that global warming is affecting the whole organism. These are vectors that carry the extinction of all organisms, bleaching of coral reefs, and infectious diseases. From these problems, I thought that global warming was not just a problem for us, but a problem for all life forms. We must improve our lives and act as soon as possible in order to protect the lives and habitats of living things all over the world, our country and our lives.
In this part, I have realized that global warming is having a serious impact not only on the environment, but also on humans. He talked about melting permafrost. It destroyed the foundation of the house, so people could not be able to live in it. It means the global warming deprived our houses. I was shocked to learn that global warming is the cause of more mosquitoes. In Japan, various diseases are spreading. The global warming threatens even human life. Most Shocking incident is melting Antarctic Peninsula Sea Ice. It was said “If you see the break up of ice shelves along the Antarctic Peninsula, watch out, because that should be seen as an alarm bell for global warming.” However, it started to melt it. It means we should solve this situation immediately. I thought that the global warming just rises the temperature but we have to know that our lives are also in danger.
The most memorable point in this part for me is the impact of 20 Foot Rise in Sea Level. There are more people in the area being influenced by melting then we expect. Think about the number of people who are going to be refugees by global warming. Nowadays, people around the world focus on one event, what is called CODIV-19. It is necessary to pay attention to global warming as well.
The second point that is interesting is global warming is one of the causes of infectious diseases. I thought people cannot evacuate from infectious diseases before watching this movie. However, I know the way how to do that now. We just have to be careful in order to stop the global warming. It might be impossible to stop it completely. But we can meke it ease by being conscious and taking action like bringing shopping bags when going shipping in our daily life.
In part 2, I learned more about the effects of global warming.
It was very painful for the polar bears to endanger as the sea ice melted.
Global warming is more advantaged than I imagined , and it necessary to take measures before it is too late.
I also learned about infectious diseases as one of the effects of global warming.
We are fighting the COVI D-19 right now. I realized the importance of preventing global warming because I actually felt the fear of infectious diseases.
We now need to take the maximum possible measures against global warming.
In this part, more specific incidents due to CO2 were written. A main problem is global warming but a lot of bad influences are happened by it. The earth is in danger by its secondary influence. For example, sea level rise by melting ice and climate and temperature changes. After I watching this movie, I felt the impact of global warming was far greater than I had imagined. To protect nature and humanity, we must stop grobal warming.
After watching part 2, I learned that there are virous effects that are caused by the global warming. It is causing the infectious diseases, spices loss, and so on. Global warming is not only damaging our human being but also animals. I really don’t want animals to get harm. For instance, there was a big forest fire occurred in Australia. It was very painful to watch the animals burned alive. I think this forest fire is also related to the global warming. In the part2, I also learned the effects of melting ice. It is affecting the animals in north such as polar bears. I heard polar bear is in the danger of extinction. We have to act before the extinction happens. We should protect animals by any costs. Therefore, we have to find a way. I don’t know what should I do now specifically, but I am going to study hard and find out what I can do to make the earth better a place.
It was shocking for me to learn that Global warming has brought about many changes on our society. For example, Coral reefs all over the world are bleaching and they end up because of global warming and other factors. Also, There are a lot of vectors for infectious diseases that are worrisome to us that are also expanding their range, not only mosquitoes but all these others as well. I think that we have to associate these causes and global warming. It may be hard for us to improve the situation as it used to be, but working on this problem is worthy. To improve such a situation , we have to know the fact and tell those who do not know yet. Also, we must learn global warming by ourselves, get more knowledge about that and think it over any time. It may be a good way to express our own opinion on SNS.
In part 2, I thought that global warming could lead to the extinction of living things was a big problem. When the coral reefs die, the fish that live there die, and when the sea level rises, living things on the ground cannot live. In other words, as global warming progresses, it becomes difficult for almost all living things to live. We need to stop global warming to protect ourselves and living creatures. However, everyone understands that it is difficult.
In Part 2, I was able to gain a deeper understanding of the less noticeable part of global warming. I couldn’t help but be surprised by the number “37 inches of rain in 24 hours” in this article. When I think that the cause of this flood is global warming, I feel very scary. Not only the publicly known effects of global warming, but also these lesser-known effects should be informed. I think that doing so would be one of the ways to stop global warming. We should understand more effect of global warming and have an interest.
Shunsuke Miwa
In Inconvenient truth Part 2, I was surprised when I see the glacier extent graph. The two studies show that in the next 50 to 70 years, in summertime, sea-ice will be completely gone. The melting of ice causes various environmental problems, such as rising sea level. Now, many areas of the earth are in danger of sinking in the sea. I think we still have some solutions and time to save the glaciers. For example, building a long dam in front of the Jakobshavn glacier (Greenland), rebuilding icebergs from water collecting from melted glaciers, or collecting ice from below the glaciers and spread it on top of the glaciers so that it starts freeze. If we don’t take proper measures to stop global warming now, we would pass down to negative legacy to our descendants.